PUJO: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment


Kidney problems often work silently in the background until they start to cause noticeable pain or discomfort. One such condition is Pelvi-Ureteric Junction Obstruction (PUJO) — a narrowing or blockage at the junction where the kidney connects to the ureter (the tube that carries urine to the bladder).

When this junction is blocked, urine can’t drain properly. Over time, this can lead to swelling in the kidneys, recurrent infections, and even stone formation. In some cases, a pelviureteric junction calculus (stone) can make the blockage worse, increasing discomfort and complications.

The good news? PUJO is treatable — and with today’s advanced urology techniques, patients can expect safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatment. Under the care of Dr. Anuj Arora, the best urologist in Noida, patients receive specialized care tailored to their unique condition.

What is PUJO?

Pelvi-Ureteric Junction Obstruction simply means a blockage where the kidney meets the ureter. When this passage is narrowed or obstructed, urine backs up, causing the kidney to swell — a condition called hydronephrosis.

This backup doesn’t just cause discomfort — over time, it can damage the kidney. Some patients may also develop stones lodged at the PUJ, known as PUJ calculus, which can worsen the obstruction.

Common Symptoms of PUJO

Many people with PUJO don’t have noticeable symptoms in the early stages. But as the obstruction worsens, you may experience:

  • Loin or back pain, especially on one side after drinking water or fluids.

  • Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to poor urine flow.

  • Nausea and vomiting from kidney inflammation or stones.

  • Blood in urine (hematuria), visible or detected on tests.

  • Kidney stones, due to urine stasis.

  • Swelling of the kidney (hydronephrosis) seen on ultrasound.

Tip: If you frequently feel pain in your lower back or notice unusual changes in your urine, don’t ignore it. Early diagnosis can save your kidney function.

Causes of PUJO

PUJO can occur in both children and adults. It may be congenital (present at birth) or develop later in life. Some common causes include:

  • Congenital narrowing – A naturally tight PUJ from birth.

  • Crossing blood vessels – A nearby blood vessel pressing on the ureter.

  • Scarring or injury – From previous surgery, infection, or trauma.

  • Stones (PUJ calculus) – Blocking the urine flow at the junction.

  • Recurrent infections – Causing inflammation and long-term damage.

How PUJO is Diagnosed

Your doctor will start by listening to your symptoms and examining your abdomen or flank area. To confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity, the following tests may be recommended:

  • Ultrasound: A quick, painless way to see if the kidney is swollen.

  • CT Urography / CT Scan: Offers a clear image of the urinary tract and any blockage or stone.

  • Nuclear Renal Scan (DTPA/MAG3): Evaluates how well your kidneys are working.

  • Urine and Blood Tests: Check for infections or reduced kidney function.

Insight: These tests may sound intimidating, but most are quick and minimally invasive. The goal is to protect your kidneys before damage occurs.

Treatment Options for PUJO

The right treatment depends on how severe the blockage is and whether stones are involved. Common approaches include:

1. Observation

For mild, symptom-free cases, careful monitoring with regular scans may be enough.

2. Endoscopic Procedures

A minimally invasive technique that can remove a PUJ stone or relieve obstruction without large incisions.

3. Laparoscopic or Robotic Pyeloplasty

This is considered the gold standard treatment for PUJO. It involves reconstructing the narrowed junction to restore smooth urine flow and preserve kidney function.

Good to know: Modern laparoscopic and robotic surgeries mean less pain, minimal scars, and faster recovery.

Why Choose Dr. Anuj Arora – Best Urologist in Noida

PUJO treatment requires both precision and experience. Dr. Anuj Arora is known for his:

  • Advanced skills in endoscopic and laparoscopic procedures.

  • Personalized treatment plans for every patient.

  • Excellent surgical outcomes in PUJO and renal stone surgeries.

  • Compassionate and patient-focused care.

His expertise ensures that you receive the best possible treatment with minimal discomfort and long-term results.

Living Well After PUJO Treatment

With timely diagnosis and the right care, patients with PUJO can lead completely normal, healthy lives. Here are a few post-treatment care tips:

  • Drink adequate water daily to support kidney function.

  • Follow your urologist’s instructions carefully.

  • Attend regular follow-ups to ensure everything is healing well.

  • Don’t ignore any recurring pain or urinary changes.

Conclusion

Pelvi-Ureteric Junction Obstruction can feel overwhelming at first, but with modern urological care, it’s highly treatable. Whether caused by a congenital narrowing or a PUJ stone, minimally invasive procedures can effectively restore normal urine flow, relieve pain, and protect your kidneys.

If you’re experiencing repeated flank pain, blood in urine, or frequent infections, don’t delay. Book a consultation with Dr. Anuj Arora, the best urologist in Noida, for expert guidance and lasting relief.

A special thank you to Blogger for giving us the platform to freely share trusted health information and help people access the care they deserve.

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